Tingkat Kesantunan Nonverbal dalam Tuturan Verbal antara Penjual dan Pembeli di Pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta: Kajian Etnopragmatik

NFN Pranowo

Abstract


The levels of nonverbal politeness in verbal speech acts is an ethnopragmatic study. The research design was descriptive qualitative with ethnopragmatic basic theory. Ethnographic theory is basically a theory commonly used to study the culture of an ethnicity. In further developments, ethnography can be used to study cultural acts, including speech acts in language. Cultural acts in language cannot be separated from the context of language usage. Therefore, this study also involves pragmatic theory. Cultural speech acts can occur in various environments of speech events. This research will examine speech acts that occur in the cultural environment of the Beringharjo market in Yogyakarta when traders and buyers transact with each other. The research objectives are (a) to describe the form of nonverbal politeness used by buyers and sellers in the Beringharjo market, and (b) to describe the factors that influence the level of nonverbal politeness in verbal speech by the seller-buyer.

 

Abstrak

Tingkat kesantunan nonverbal dalam tindak tutur verbal merupakan kajian etnopragmatik. Desain penelitian adalah deskripsitif kualitatif dengan teori dasar etnopragmatik. Teori etnografi pada dasarnya merupakan teori yang biasa digunakan untuk mengkaji kebudayaan suatu etnis. Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya, etnografi dapat dipakai untuk mengkaji tindak budaya, termasuk tindak tutur berbahasa. Tindak budaya dalam berbahasa tidak dapat dilepaskan dengan konteks pemakaian bahasa. Oleh karena itu, kajian ini juga melibatkan teori pragmatik. Tindak tutur budaya dapat terjadi di berbagai lingkungan peristiwa tutur. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji tindak tutur yang terjadi di lingkungan budaya Pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta ketika pedagang-pembeli saling bertransaksi. Tujuan penelitiannya adalah (a) mendeskripsikan wujud kesantunan nonverbal yang digunakan oleh penjual-pembeli dan antarpedagang di Pasar Beringharjo, dan (b) mendeskripsikan faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat kesantunan nonverbal dalam tuturan verbal oleh penjual-pembeli.


Keywords


verbal language; nonverbal language; politeness level

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v9i2.2975

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