Kosakata Ideologi dalam Alat Peraga Kampanye Pemilu 2024: Analisis Praktik Kreativitas Bahasa

Pauline Dewi Juliani Setyaningsih, Benedictus Sudiyana, Dewi Kusumaningsih

Abstract


Each election participant uses a large selection of vocabulary to represent the ideology he adheres to in political campaigns. Vocabulary in political campaigns is expressed through campaign props (APK), one of which is in the form of print media. The vocabulary expressions in the campaign props reflect the creativity of the language. The purpose of this study is to describe aspects of vocabulary related to language creativity based on experiential value, relational value, and expressive value from the point of view of us and them ideology. This research is qualitative research. Data in the form of vocabulary containing certain ideologies related to language creativity in the APK for the 2024 election in Surakarta City, Sukoharjo Regency, Karanganyar Regency, Boyolali Regency, and Wonogiri Regency of Central Java province. Data collection using documentation techniques through mobile phone cameras. Data processing uses library techniques, reading techniques, and recording techniques. This study used Van Dijk's ideological box model. The results of research on vocabulary aspects show the existence of experiential value, relational value, and expressive value that utilizes the creativity of language in the form of rhyme, rhythm, alliteration, acronyms, abbreviations, antonyms, synonyms, mixed codes, repetition, metaphor, and hyperbole. Such vocabulary expressions reflect ideological boxes that emphasize the positive on us and the negative on them.

 

Abstrak

Setiap peserta pemilu menggunakan banyak pilihan kosakata untuk merepresentasikan ideologi yang dianutnya dalam kampanye politik. Kosakata dalam kampanye politik diekspresikan melalui alat peraga kampanye (APK), salah satunya berbentuk media cetak. Ekspresi kosakata dalam alat peraga kampanye mencerminkan kreativitas bahasa. Tujuan riset ini mendeskripsikan aspek kosakata yang berkaitan dengan kreativitas bahasa berdasarkan nilai pengalaman, nilai relasional, dan nilai ekspresif dari sudut pandang ideologi us and them. Penelitan ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data berupa kosakata yang mengandung ideologi tertentu yang berkaitan dengan kreativitas bahasa dalam APK pemilu tahun 2024 di Kota Surakarta, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Kabupaten Boyolali, dan Kabupaten Wonogiri provinsi Jawa Tengah. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi melalui kamera telepon seluler. Pengolahan data menggunakan teknik pustaka, teknik baca, dan teknik catat. Penelitian ini menggunakan model kotak ideologi Van dijk. Hasil penelitian aspek kosakata menunjukkan adanya nilai pengalaman, nilai relasional, dan nilai ekspresional yang memanfaatkan kreativitas bahasa bentuk rima, irama, aliterasi, akronim, singkatan, antonim, sinonim, campur kode, repetisi, metafora, dan hiperbola. Ekspresi kosakata tersebut mencerminkan kotak ideologi yang menekankan hal positif pada kita dan negatif pada mereka.


Keywords


Vocabulary; Ideological; Campaign props; Language creativity

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v13i1.5267

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