Opini Publik terhadap Debat Capres 2024: Analisis Sentimen dalam Komentar Live Youtube KPU RI
Abstract
The presidential debate is a pivotal moment in the election process that influences public opinion about candidates. This study aims to analyze public sentiment regarding the 2024 presidential debate through comments on the live broadcast of the debate on the official YouTube channel of the Indonesian General Elections Commission (KPU RI). A qualitative descriptive method was employed for this research. The data comprised comments collected from the live-streamed debate on the KPU RI’s official YouTube channel using a web scraping technique, utilizing the Python library chat-downloader to extract public comments from the debate videos. The data were analyzed using the BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) model adapted for the Indonesian language. The findings revealed that during the first debate, neutral comments dominated (76.3%), followed by positive comments (14.7%) and negative comments (9.0%). Sentiment toward the Anies-Muhaimin pair was predominantly positive (47.5%), while the Prabowo-Gibran pair faced a dominance of negative sentiment (34.5%). The Ganjar-Mahfud pair received mostly neutral sentiment (50.2%). During the second debate, overall negative sentiment increased to 32.1%, while positive sentiment decreased to 27.8%. A word cloud analysis revealed that terms like mantap (excellent), cerdas (intelligent), and menang (win) frequently appeared in positive comments, whereas terms like blunder and janji manis (sweet promises) dominated negative sentiment, highlighting public focus on the candidates’ conveyed issues. These findings illustrate the dynamics of public opinion during the debates and provide strategic insights for the KPU and campaign teams in crafting more effective communication strategies.
Abstrak
Debat calon presiden (capres) merupakan momen penting dalam pemilihan presiden yang memengaruhi opini publik terhadap kandidat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sentimen publik terhadap debat capres tahun 2024 melalui komentar pada siaran langsung YouTube Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) RI. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini berupa komentar yang diperoleh dari siaran langsung debat Capres di saluran YouTube resmi Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) RI. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan teknik web scraping, dengan memanfaatkan pustaka Python chat-downloader untuk mengunduh komentar-komentar publik dari video debat. Data dianalisis dengan model BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) yang diadaptasi untuk bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada debat pertama, komentar netral mendominasi (76,3%), diikuti oleh komentar positif (14,7%) dan negatif (9,0%). Sentimen terhadap pasangan Anies-Muhaimin didominasi positif (47,5%), sementara pasangan Prabowo-Gibran menghadapi dominasi sentimen negatif (34,5%). Pasangan Ganjar-Mahfud lebih banyak menerima sentimen netral (50,2%). Pada debat kedua, sentimen negatif secara keseluruhan meningkat menjadi 32,1%, sementara sentimen positif menurun menjadi 27,8%. Analisis word cloud mengungkapkan bahwa istilah seperti mantap, cerdas, dan menang sering muncul dalam komentar positif, sementara istilah seperti blunder dan janji manis mendominasi sentimen negatif, menunjukkan fokus publik pada isu-isu yang disampaikan kandidat. Temuan ini menggambarkan dinamika opini publik selama debat dan memberikan masukan strategis bagi KPU serta tim kampanye dalam menyusun strategi komunikasi yang lebih efektif.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v13i2.6063
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