Konseptualisasi ‘Penyakit’ dalam Masyarakat Minangkabau di Sumatera Barat

Nofel Nofiadri, Isral Naska, Renggi Vrika

Abstract


This research tries to explain the concept of 'illness' in Minangkabau society, which until now is known to have strong local and traditional elements. This research reveals the cultural metaphors used by contemporary Minangkabau society in expressing the concept of 'illness.’ This research uses interview transcripts from 30 people from various backgrounds and ages who live in the West Sumatra region, which was carried out from the beginning of August to the end of October 2023. The interviews were conducted using the Minangkabau language. Participants' answers and expressions were analyzed using a Cultural Linguistics approach which includes cultural metaphor analysis. There are three conceptions that are found; they are ILLNESS AS MOVING OBJECT, ILLNESS AS OWNERSHIP, and ILLNESS AS PUNISHMENT. From the various conceptions found, it is found that the Minangkabau people's cognition about 'illness' is based on the existence of paganism and Islamism. This research is certainly useful for certain stakeholders in making policies and implementing programs to achieve effectiveness and efficiency.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini melihat dan menjelaskan konsep ‘penyakit’ pada masyarakat Minangkabau yang hingga saat ini terkenal memiliki unsur lokal dan tradisional yang masih kental. Penelitian ini mengungkap metafora-metafora budaya yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Minangkabau kontemporer dalam mengungkapkan konsep ‘penyakit.’ Penelitian ini menggunakan data transkrip wawancara 30 orang dari berbagai kalangan dan umur yang bertempat tinggal di wilayah Sumatra Barat, yang dilaksanakan dalam kurun awal Agustus hingga akhir Oktober 2023. Wawancara dilakukan menggunakan bahasa Minangkabau. Jawaban-jawaban dan ekspresi partisipan dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan linguistik budaya yang meliputi analisis metafora budaya. ada tiga konsepsi penyakit yang ditemukan yaitu penyakiit sebagai benda bergerak, penyakit sebagai kepemilikan, dan penyakit sebagai hukuman. dari ragam konsepsi yang ditemukan tergambar bahwa kognisi masyarakat Minangkabau tentang ‘penyakit’ dilatari dari eksistensi paganisme dan Islamisme. Temuan ini berguna bagi pemangku kepentingan tertentu untuk membuat kebijakan dan menjalankan suatu program guna tercapainya efektivitas dan efisiensi.


Keywords


cultural metaphor; CMT; illness conception; cultural cognition

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v13i1.6886

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