Studi Eksplorasi Pembelajaran Menulis Faktual sebagai Upaya Menyiapkan Generasi Cendekiawan

Ary Kristiyani, Wiyatmi Wiyatmi, Maman Suryaman

Abstract


Factual writing research has been widely conducted. However, factual writing that develops critical thinking skills as an effort to prepare a generation of scholars still needs to be studied. This study aims to describe factual writing learning in higher education. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research design. Data collection techniques use document studies and questionnaires. The research instrument uses analysis guidelines and questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses descriptive qualitative with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of the study show that the dominant one-way learning model has not developed high-level thinking skills, discovery, critical, logical, and analytical thinking. The teaching materials are still limited to books that have not been integrated with relevant research results. Learning evaluations do not include indicators, scores, and assessment rubrics in detail so that authentic assessments have not been achieved. The perceptions of lecturers and students are in line that factual texts of the exposition, explanation, and argumentation types are able to develop critical, analytical, creative, and innovative thinking. Thus, the results of this exploratory study can be used to improve factual writing learning to prepare a generation of scholars.

Abstrak
Penelitian menulis faktual telah banyak dilakukan. Akan tetapi, menulis faktual yang mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis sebagai upaya menyiapkan generasi cendekiawan masih perlu dilakukan kajian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pembelajaran menulis faktual di perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi dokumen dan angket. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan pedoman analisis dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model pembelajaran dominan satu arah, belum mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi, penemuan, berpikir kritis, logis, dan analitis. Adapun bahan ajar masih terbatas pada buku yang belum terintegrasi dengan hasil penelitian yang relevan. Evaluasi pembelajaran belum memuat indikator, skor, dan rubrik penilaian secara rinci sehingga penilaian autentik belum tercapai. Persepsi dosen dan mahasiswa selaras bahwa teks faktual jenis eksposisi, eksplanasi, dan argumentasi mampu mengembangkan berpikir kritis, analitis, kreatif, dan inovatif. Dengan demikian, hasil studi eksplorasi ini dapat digunakan sebagai perbaikan pembelajaran menulis faktual untuk menyiapkan generasi cendekiawan.

Keywords


menulis; teks faktual; generasi cendekiawan

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v14i1.7937

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