Skinny, Slim, dan Thin: Analisis Berbasis Korpus Kata Sifat Identik dan Implikasinya pada Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris

Millatul Islamiyah, Muchamad Sholakhuddin Al Fajri

Abstract


This paper is an exploratory corpus-based investigation into a group of near synonymous adjectives: skinny, slim, and thin. It employs the British National Corpus (BNC) as data and Sketch Engine as data analysis instrument. By using corpus linguistics techniques such as concordance and collocation analysis, it compares the synonymous words’ usage, meaning, and pattern to identify which synonymous words are more appropriate in a certain context. The results suggest that thin has neutral nuance expression and slim tends to carry positive connotation, while skinny is often used by speakers when they want to be more pejorative or deprecating. Moreover, unlike skinny which mainly modifies animate-related nouns, slim is more heterogeneous as they also can modify inanimate-related nouns and when it collocates with inanimate nouns, it often extends its’ meaning into metaphor expression which means ‘small’. Thin is used in many idiomatic expressions and when combined with common words it can also be used to denote metaphorical meaning. These findings can be applied in English language teaching so that students will be able to use the synonymous adjectives in an apt context and to avoid undesirable implication.

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini adalah analisis berbasis korpus pada kelompok kata sifat yang hampir sama: “skinny”, “slim”, dan “thin”. Penelitian ini menggunakan British National Corpus (BNC) sebagai data dan Sketch Engine sebagai instrumen analisis data. Dengan menggunakan teknik linguistik korpus seperti konkordansi dan analisis kolokasi, artikel ini membandingkan penggunaan, makna, dan pola kata sinonim untuk mengidentifikasi kata-kata sinonim yang lebih tepat dalam konteks tertentu. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa “thin” memiliki ekspresi nuansa netral dan “slim” cenderung membawa konotasi positif, sementara “skinny” sering digunakan oleh pembicara ketika mereka ingin lebih merendahkan atau mencela. Selain itu, tidak seperti “skinny” yang banyak memodifikasi nomina yang berhubungan dengan benda hidup, “slim” lebih heterogen karena mereka juga dapat memodifikasi nomina yang tidak hidup dan ketika ia bertaut dengan kata benda tak hidup, ia sering memperluas maknanya menjadi ekspresi metafora yang berarti “small”/kecil. “Thin” digunakan dalam banyak ekspresi idiomatis dan ketika dikombinasikan dengan kata-kata umum, “thin” juga dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan makna metaforis. Temuan ini dapat diterapkan dalam pengajaran bahasa Inggris sehingga siswa akan dapat menggunakan kata sifat sinonim dalam konteks yang tepat dan untuk menghindari implikasi yang tidak diinginkan.


Keywords


corpus linguistics; English language teaching; (near-) synonym; adjectives

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v8i1.894

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