IDENTITAS DAN PERGERAKAN PEREMPUAN PERANAKAN TIONGHOA DALAM NOVEL BERGERAK? KARYA TAN BOEN SOAN (Peranakan Chinese Women’s Identity and Movement in Tan Boen Soan’s Bergerak?)
Abstract
The social identity of women of Chinese descent (peranakan) in Dutch East Indies was affected by numerous aspects, which later developed into their consciousness about identity and environment. In the context of the women’s movement, the diversity of social identity of these women of Chinese ancestry contributed to the dynamic development, as portrayed in a novel titled Bergerak? (Let us move?). Through social identity theory, organizational behavior and feminist literary criticism, especially Chandra Mohanty on intersection, this study aims to examine the social categories that affect the identity of women of Chinese descent and the author’s on the problems of Chinese peranakan women in a novel titled Bergerak? The result of the study shows that the social identity of women of Chinese descent is influenced by the social categorization such as social and economic status, culture representation, and ideologies that are intertwined or intersected each other. Nevertheless, the author’s criticism to the problems in the women’s movement organization is also clouded by gender bias affecting the author’s perspective on women’s contribution to the organization
Identitas sosial yang dimiliki oleh perempuan peranakan Tionghoa di Hindia Belanda dipengaruhi oleh berbagai aspek. Hal ini kemudian mempengaruhi kesadaran para perempuan tersebut terhadap jati diri dan lingkungan mereka. Dalam konteks pergerakan perempuan, keragaman identitas sosial para perempuan peranakan Tionghoa ini ikut memberikan dinamika tersendiri dalam proses perjalanannya, seperti yang tertuang dalam novel Bergerak?. Melalui teori identitas sosial, perilaku organisasi dan kritik sastra feminis, khususnya Chandra Mohanty tentang intersection, penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kategori sosial yang mempengaruhi identitas perempuan peranakan Tionghoa serta sudut pandang pengarang terhadap permasalahan perempuan peranakan Tionghoa di dalam organisasi pergerakan perempuan dalam Bergerak?. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa identitas sosial dari para perempuan peranakan Tionghoa dipengaruhi oleh kategori-kategori sosial seperti status sosial dan ekonomi, representasi budaya, dan ideologi yang berkelindan atau interseksi satu sama lainnya. Di sisi lain, kritik pengarang terhadap berbagai permasalahan yang muncul dalam organisasi pergerakan perempuan juga diliputi bias gender yang mempengaruhi sudut pandang pengarang tentang keterlibatan perempuan dalam organisasi pergerakan perempuan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/jk.v19i1.4116
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