"JARIMU HARIMAUMU": FENOMENA UJARAN KEBENCIAN MASYARAKAT KOTA KENDARI  DI MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK ("Jarimu Harimaumu": The Phonomenon of Hate Speech among Kendari Community in Facebook Social Media)

Fahmi Gunawan

doi:10.26499/jk.v18i2.4687

"JARIMU HARIMAUMU": FENOMENA UJARAN KEBENCIAN MASYARAKAT KOTA KENDARI DI MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK ("Jarimu Harimaumu": The Phonomenon of Hate Speech among Kendari Community in Facebook Social Media)

Fahmi Gunawan

Abstract

Although many experts have examined hate speech on Facebook social media, little is known about the hate speech of the Kendari community. To fill this void, the empirical study examines Kendari community's hate speech on Facebook social media. The research adopted a qualitative research approach with a case study research design. Data were garnered by analyzing documents, conducting in-depth interviews, and distributing questionnaires. Document analysis was used to examine types of hate speech, while in-depth interviews and questionnaires were conducted to analyze why hate speech emerged. The findings showed that the types of hate speech in Kendari community were classified into five, namely (1) defamation, (2) insults, (3) blasphemy, (4) incitement, and (5) spreading hoaxes. The factors causing hate speech are classified into internal and external factors. Internal factors include hurt and fun factors, while external factors encompass political interests, group interests, and SARA. Because hate speech has legal implications, this research is expected to foster critical awareness of the community to avoid legal cases related to hate speech.

Meskipun para pakar sudah banyak melakukan penelitian mengenai ujaran kebencian, masih sedikit yang membahas ujaran kebencian masyarakat kota Kendari. Untuk merespons hal itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji ujaran kebencian masyarakat kota Kendari di media sosial Facebook. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan desain penelitian studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara analisis dokumen, wawancara mendalam, dan penyebaran angket. Analisis dokumen digunakan untuk membahas jenis ujaran kebencian, sementara wawancara mendalam, dan penyebaran angket dilakukan untuk menganalisis mengapa ujaran kebencian itu muncul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis ujaran kebencian masyarakat kota Kendari diklasifikasi menjadi lima, yaitu (1) pencemaran nama baik, (2) penghinaan, (3) penistaan, (4) penghasutan, dan (5) penyebaran hoaks. Faktor-faktor penyebab munculnya ujaran kebencian diklasifikasi menjadi dua, faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal meliputi faktor sakit hati dan iseng-iseng, sementara faktor eksternal meliputi faktor kepentingan politik, kepentingan golongan, dan SARA. Karena ujaran kebencian memiliki dampak hukum, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menumbuhkan kesadaran kritis masyarakat agar dapat terhindar dari kasus hukum yang berkaitan dengan ujaran kebencian.

Keywords

community; hate speech; Kendari; social media; masyarakat; ujaran kebencian; Kendari; media sosial

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/jk.v18i2.4687