SUNGAI, SAWAH, DAN SENGKETA: TINJAUAN EKOFEMINISME KARYA SASTRA  BERLATAR ASIA TENGGARA (River, Rice Field, and Conflict: An Ecofeminist Reading of Fictions Set in Southeast Asia)

Novita Dewi

doi:10.26499/jk.v15i2.1466

SUNGAI, SAWAH, DAN SENGKETA: TINJAUAN EKOFEMINISME KARYA SASTRA BERLATAR ASIA TENGGARA (River, Rice Field, and Conflict: An Ecofeminist Reading of Fictions Set in Southeast Asia)

Novita Dewi

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menelisik persamaan dan perbedaan representasi sungai, sawah, dan sengketa dalam novel dan cerpen dari Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, Kamboja, Thailand, dan Vietnam. Meskipun sungai dan sawah menjadi simbol kekuatan sebagai pemberi kehidupan, tetapi keduanya juga merupakan situ perlawanan sebagian besar masyarakat Asia Tenggara, terutama pada masa-masa sulit ketika perempuan sering menjadi korban. Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana sungai dan sawah serta keterlibatan perempuan ditampilkan pada enam karya yang berlatar di negara-negara dalam kawasan tersebut. Metode analisis konten digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan perspektif teori ekofeminisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya relasi erat antara perempuan dan alam yang direpresentasikan dengan keterlibatan dan kepedulian tokoh perempuan dalam merawat sungai dan sawah. Sebaliknya, tokoh laki-laki digambarkan seolah-olah tidak hirau pada keberadaan alam. Hal ini sekaligus menjadi representasi resistensi terhadap budaya patriarkat yang melakukan dominasi atas perempuan dan alam.

(This study aims to explore the similarities and differences in the representation of rivers, rice fields, and disputes in novels and short stories from Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam. Although rivers and rice fields are symbols of strength as life-giving forces, they are also the sites of resistance for most Southeast Asian people, especially in difficult times when women are often victims. The research problem is how rivers, rice fields, and the involvement of women are depicted in six literary works set in the region. Content analysis method is applied in this study using ecofeminist theory as the standpoint. The analysis result shows that a close relationship between women and nature which is represented by the involvement and care of women characters in caring for rivers and rice fields. Conversely, male figures are depicted as if they are not bothered by the existence of nature. This is considered as representation of resistance to patriarchal culture that has dominated women and nature.)

Keywords

sungai; sawah; sengketa; ekofeminisme; river; rice fields; conflict; ecofeminism;

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/jk.v15i2.1466