Ciri Morfosintaktis Afiks Derivasional {Ber-} dalam Konstruksi Verba Deadjektival Bahasa Indonesia

Danang Satria Nugraha

Abstract


The affix {ber-} in Indonesian is commonly used to derive adjectives into deadjectival verbs (VDaj). This research aimed to describe the affix {ber-} morphosyntactic characteristics in constructing Indonesian VDaj. The data was collected from bI sentence constructions marked by the affix {ber-} or its variations, which were obtained from the Indonesian-Leipzig Corpora Collection (ILCC) and the SEAlang Library Indonesian Corpus (SLIC). The analysis produced two findings based on the technique of immediate constituent and the theory of Derivational Morphology and Derivational Syntax. Firstly, the morphosyntactic features of affix {ber-} in constructing Indonesian VDaj can only be formed if the affix {ber-} and adjectives are involved. Secondly, there were three tendencies of morphosyntactic characteristics of affix {ber}: (a) creating one-valence VDaj, (b) forming intransitive VDaj, and (c) embedding predicative and appositive functions of VDaj. The analysis of the morphosyntactic features of the affix {ber-} is expected to contribute to the advancement of Derivational Morphology and Derivational Syntax theories by elucidating the formation and function of VDaj bI. The results of this research are helpful for further exploration, especially for exploring the morphosyntactic characteristics of other derivational affixes in Indonesian verb constructions. 

 

Abstrak

Verba bahasa Indonesia (bI) merupakan kategori gramatikal yang cenderung bersifat resipien universal karena dapat menerima berbagai kategori kata sebagai unsur dasar konstruksinya. Secara morfologis, kata sifat atau adjektiva merupakan salah satu kategori yang lazim dikonstruksikan sebagai verba deadjektival (VDaj) melalui derivasi bersama afiks {ber-}. Kajian ini bertujuan memerikan ciri-ciri morfosintaktis afiks {ber-} dalam konstruksi VDaj bI tersebut. Data kajian ini berwujud konstruksi kalimat bI yang memiliki konstituen VDaj berpemarkah afiks {ber-} atau variasi realisasi morfologisnya seperti {ber-an}, {ber-R}, dan {ber-kan}. Sumber data kajian ini adalah Indonesian – Leipzig Corpora Collection (ILCC) dan SEAlang Library Indonesian Corpus (SLIC). Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik simak/observasi leksikal. Data dianalisis berdasarkan teknik bagi-unsur-langsung dengan mengacu pada teori Morfologi Derivasional dan Sintaksis Derivasional. Berdasarkan analisis, dihasilkan dua temuan sebagai berikut. Pertama, secara gramatikal, ciri morfosintaktis afiks {ber-} dalam konstruksi VDaj bI dapat terbentuk hanya jika afiks {ber-} beserta adjektiva terlibat bersama-sama sebagai input pada proses pembentukan kata. Kedua, secara khusus, terdapat sekurang-kurangnya tiga kecenderungan ciri morfosintaktis afiks {ber-}, yaitu (a) menciptakan VDaj bervalensi satu, (b) membentuk VDaj intransitif, dan (c) menyematkan fungsi predikatif dan apositif pada VDaj. Analisis terhadap ciri morfosintaktis afiks {ber-} ini diharapkan dapat memperkaya teori Morfologi Derivasional dan Sintaksis Derivasional dalam menjelaskan pembentukan dan fungsi VDaj bI. Hasil kajian ini juga bermanfaat bagi penelitian selanjutnya, khususnya untuk penelusuran ciri morfosintaktis afiks-afiks derivasional lainnya dalam konstruksi verba bI.


Keywords


Ciri Morfosintaktis; Afiks Derivasional {ber-}; Verba Deajektival; Bahasa Indonesia

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v13i1.6041

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