Courtroom Conversation in a Murder Trial of Yosua Hutabarat: A Phonopragmatic Perspective
Abstract
This study examines the phonopragmatic features, specifically intonation, in the conversation between the judge and the witness during the Yosua Hutabarat murder trial. The study aims to explore how intonation patterns reflect the judge’s authority and the witness’s response during the trial. The study analyzes spectrogram images to capture the tone movements of the speech using PRAAT software, with David Brazil’s model employed to analyze the data. The results reveal at least twenty-three tone units across six conversation excerpts, with the most frequent tone in the judge’s speech being a rise-fall tone (9 tone units), indicating control and dominance. The witness, in contrast, predominantly uses a falling tone (4 tone units), reflecting submissiveness. The findings suggest that the judge’s use of rise-fall tones signals instrumental power and dominance, while the witness’s falling tone signals submissiveness and reveals a clear power imbalance during the trial.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji fitur-fitur fonopragmatik yang berfokus pada intonasi dalam percakapan antara hakim dan saksi dalam persidangan pembunuhan Yosua Hutabarat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana pola intonasi dapat mencerminkan kekuasaan dan kontrol hakim dan bagaimana respons saksi selama persidangan. Penelitian ini menganalisis gambar spektrogram untuk menangkap gerakan nada dalam interaksi dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak PRAAT dan model David Brazil untuk menganalisis data penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan setidaknya dua puluh tiga unit nada yang tersebar di enam kutipan percakapan, dengan nada yang paling sering digunakan dalam ujaran hakim adalah nada naik-turun (9 unit nada), yang menunjukkan kontrol dan dominasi. Di sisi lain, saksi lebih sering menggunakan nada turun (4 unit nada) yang mencerminkan ketundukkan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan nada naik-turun oleh hakim menandakan kekuasaan instrumental dan dominasi, sementara nada turun dari saksi menandakan ketundukkan yang mengungkapkan ketidakseimbangan kekuasaan yang jelas selama persidangan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v13i2.6689
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