RESISTENSI KULTURAL PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL HIKAYAT PUTI LIMAU MANIH: SINGA BETINA RIMBO HULU (Women Cultural Resistance In The Novel Hikayat Puti Limau Manih: Singa Betina Rimbo Hulu)

Muhamad Syahril; Mundi Rahayu

doi:10.26499/jk.v20i1.5835

RESISTENSI KULTURAL PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL HIKAYAT PUTI LIMAU MANIH: SINGA BETINA RIMBO HULU (Women Cultural Resistance In The Novel Hikayat Puti Limau Manih: Singa Betina Rimbo Hulu)

Muhamad Syahril, Mundi Rahayu

Abstract

Women resistance has become an important issue because the oppressive and hierarchical patriarchal culture has harmed women’s rights. This study aims to discuss women's cultural resistance represented in a literary work. This study uses a literary criticism approach to reach the goal by applying Naomi Wolf's feminist theory and James C. Scott's resistance theory. The data source for this research is a novel written by a female writer, Aprilia Wahyuni, entitled "Hikayat Puti Limau Manih: Singa Betina Rimbo Hulu." The research results show that the female character in this novel, namely Puti and her friends, is carrying out resistance against patriarchal culture. The resistance is classified into open and closed resistance. An example of open resistance can be seen in Puti's attitude in negotiating her rights as a woman, fighting for their rights to choose partners, teaching women, and against sexual harassment, as well as resisting against the colonial Japan. Closed resistance, for example, was shown by Puti’s resistance to bow, a symbol of respect, to Japanese army.

Resistensi perempuan merupakan isu penting dalam riset karena budaya patriarki yang menindas dan hirarkis telah banyak merugikan dan merampas hak perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas resistensi kultural perempuan yang dinarasikan dalam novel. Untuk mencapai tujuan di atas, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kritik sastra dengan menerapkan teori feminisme Naomi Wolf dan teori resistensi James C. Scott. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah novel yang ditulis oleh penulis perempuan, Aprilia Wahyuni, yang berjudul “Hikayat Puti Limau Manih: Singa Betina Rimbo Hulu.” Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tokoh perempuan dalam novel ini, yaitu Puti bersama teman-temannya melakukan resistensi terhadap budaya yang patriarki. Resistensi tersebut diklasifikasikan menjadi resistensi terbuka dan tertutup. Resistensi terbuka misalnya, dapat dilihat pada sikap Puti yang menegosiasikan hak sebagai perempuan, memperjuangkan haknya dalam memilih pasangan, mengajar para perempuan, dan melawan pelecehan seksual, serta perlawanan yang dilakukan oleh perempuan bersama para pemuda terhadap penjajah Jepang. Resistensi tertutup misalnya, ditunjukkan oleh sikap Puti yang menolak untuk menunduk memberi penghormatan terhadap tentara Jepang.

Keywords

feminism; open resistance; closed resistance; patriarchy; feminisme; resistensi perempuan; resistensi terbuka; resistensi tertutup

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/jk.v20i1.5835