INKLUSI PADA CERPEN-CERPEN ANAK RAJA GEMBUL KARYA SOESILO TOER: ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS (Inclusion of The Children’s Short Stories of Raja Gembul by Soesilo Toer: Critical Discourse Analysis)

Nada Fadhilah; Dadang S Anshori; Jatmika Nurhadi

doi:10.26499/jk.v20i2.6044

INKLUSI PADA CERPEN-CERPEN ANAK RAJA GEMBUL KARYA SOESILO TOER: ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS (Inclusion of The Children’s Short Stories of Raja Gembul by Soesilo Toer: Critical Discourse Analysis)

Nada Fadhilah, Dadang S Anshori, Jatmika Nurhadi

Abstract

Language has a role in shaping people's understanding based on socio-cultural knowledge. The understanding of socio-cultural knowledge is referred to as ideology, which is founded on assumptions, expectations, and knowledge of the environment, leading to interpretations of the text. The purpose of this study is to describe the classification of inclusion strategies in Soesilo's short story, Raja Gembul, and to examine the author's socio-cultural hegemony reflected in these inclusion strategies. The data sources for this study were three short stories by Soesilo: “Anak Pembesar dan Polisi”, “Durian Parno Menang”, and “Maka Selamat Sang Lembu”. This qualitative research utilized critical discourse analysis based on Leeuwen's model and Gramsci's hegemony, with the assistance of the Nvivo 12 Pro application for the classification of inclusion strategies in the three short stories. The findings reveal that the hegemonic representations in the three short stories employ various inclusion strategies. Specifically, the short story Anak Pembesar dan Polisi uses 6 inclusion strategies and 5 concepts of hegemony, Durian Parno Menang uses 5 strategies and 3 concepts of hegemony, and Maka Selamat Sang Lembu uses 5 strategies and 5 concepts of hegemony.

Bahasa mampu berperan mengubah pemahaman masyarakat berdasarkan ilmu pengetahuan sosial budaya. Pemahaman dari pengetahuan sosial budaya itu dinamakan ideologi. Maka, ideologi hadir berdasarkan asumsi dan ekspektasi, atau maksud dari pengetahuan pada lingkungan, lalu melahirkan interpretasi pada teks. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan klasifikasi strategi inklusi pada cerpen Raja Gembul karya Soesilo dan (2) mendeskripsikan hegemoni sosial budaya pengarang dari strategi inklusi yang digunakan pada cerpen Raja Gembul karya Soesilo. Sementara itu, sumber data pada penelitian ini diambil dari tiga judul cerpen: “Anak Pembesar dan Polisi”, “Durian Parno Menang”, dan “Maka Selamat Sang Lembu”. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan analisis wacana kritis model Leeuwen dan hegemoni Gramsci. Oleh karena itu, pengumpulan data penelitian ini dibantu dengan aplikasi Nvivo 12 Pro untuk klasifikasi strategi inklusi pada tiga judul cerpen karya Soesilo. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa representasi hegemoni dari tiga judul cerpen menggunakan strategi inklusi, yaitu sebagai berikut. Cerpen “Anak Pembesar dan Polisi” menggunakan 6 strategi inklusi dan 5 konsep hegemoni. Cerpen “Durian Parno Menang” menggunakan 5 strategi dan 3 konsep hegemoni. Terakhir, cerpen “Maka Selamat Sang Lembu” menggunakan 5 strategi dan 5 konsep hegemoni.

Keywords

hegemony; critical discourse analysis; inclusion; and Raja Gembul; hegemoni; analisis wacana kritis; inklusi; dan Raja Gembul

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/jk.v20i2.6044